Biostimulators
High technologies of the XXI century
Productivity and quality of plant-growing products concerned as a state leader, region, district, and ordinary agronomist, mechanic, combiner, which is especially important in the conditions of reforming of the agricultural sector of the economy and adapting it to the requirements of the European community. In tackling the greening of agricultural production, productive works the scientists of the Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry NAS of Ukraine, the Interdepartmental Scientific and Technological Center "Agrobiotech" NAS and MES of Ukraine.
Over the past 25 years Ukrainian scientists of a wide range of plant growth regulators designed and studied deeply enough - synthetic analogues of phytohormones, biotech metabolic products of fungi-endophytes derived from the root system of medicinal plants and formulations of plant growth regulators. Creating a PGR with bioprotective effect represent a new trend in the protection of plants that are justified by the disclosure of the mechanism of action of new PGR by enhancing synthesis in plants saylensingovyh miRNAs complementary to the mRNA of the pest and contributing, ultimately, the death of the pathogen. The basis for the creation of drugs put a synergistic effect of the interaction products of biotechnological cultivation of mushrooms mikromitcetos ginseng root system, registered for use Environmental Ministry of Nature of Ukraine and the waste products of bacteria Streptomyces Avermetilis - aversectin.
From a biological point of view, this means the harmonization of biological processes in the plant, which are regulated by the ratio of different types of endogenous phytohormones in various stages of growth. Thus, plant growth regulators contribute to the implementation of the program laid down in the genome of the plant or the nature of the selection process. Taking into account that the selection process is long, and the conditions of disclosing the potential of varieties can not be implemented in full because of adverse climatic conditions, pesticide loads, anthropogenic factors, in these conditions it is obvious need to seek regulatory compounds with similar properties to endogenous phytohormones that have regulatory functions as an adaptogen, that is, allowed in specific, changing conditions, most effectively realize the genetic potential of plants.
Plant growth regulators - meet modern international requirements. Preparations environmentally friendly, low-cost (20-250 ml of the drug for treatment of 1 ton of seeds or 15-50 ml spray 1 hectare of crops), energy-efficient - the same as the existing agricultural practices, and one monetary unit invested pays off tens of units due to increased yield and improve product quality.
Expert opinion
- When using plant growth regulators in grain germination zone activated ekotrofic development of many groups of microorganisms, as well as the processes of new formation of humic compounds that showed the specialists of the Institute of Microbiology and Virology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Bio.Sc.D. Iutinskaya G.A.). Role of growth regulators due to a direct effect on the microbial groups and the influence of the plant through the root system, the development of which is increased by 15-17% with an increase in battery consumption by a significant number of root hairs. When using bio-stimulants for pre-treatment of seeds, together with modern disinfectants reduced toxic effects of pesticides on the plant without reducing the protective effect.
- Scientists at the Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Bio.Sc.D. Yavorskaya V.K., Musiyaka V.K.) for the first time revealed the presence of antimutagenic action of natural bio-stimulants on the root meristem of pea and wheat, which allows to obtain stable yields. It showed a decrease of spontaneous mutagenesis twice under the influence treflan herbicide.
- Scientists Uman State Agrarian Academy (prof. Academician V.Sh., Gritsaenko Z.M.) on the instructions of the Ministry of Agrarian Policy of Ukraine for 15 years, studied the efficacy of the use of growth regulators with modern herbicides at cultivation of winter wheat, barley, corn, soybeans, peas and demonstrated the feasibility of the environmental and economic efficiency of the use of high technology.
- In the same Academy (C.Bio.S. Merkushina A.S.) obtained unique results about the influence of growth regulators on pea plants of 3 varieties. It is shown to accelerate the development of plants, increasing the thickness of the epidermis of other cells and fragments of the leaf blade, which influenced the decrease in attendance and damage to plant different "pea" pests, and given that many of them there are carriers of infections, it becomes clear mechanism mediated protective action and, consequently, increase yield and its safety.These effects were confirmed by specialists of the Lviv State University (prof. Terek O.I.), which showed a change of endogenous phytohormone status of plant cells under the influence, created in Ukraine, bio-stimulants. The discrepancy between the phases of development of plants and pest, the leaf surface of the membrane and the syllable, not the perception of cell receptors for pathogens leads to increased resistance of plants to diseases and pests.
- Extensive research specialists of the Institute of Agriculture UAAS (Bio.Sc.D. Degodyuk E.G.) biostimulators in Polesie and forest-steppe zone of Ukraine showed that soils contaminated with radionuclides cesium ions flow in crop production is reduced by 2 times. Ukrainian Academy of agroecological (Zhitomir city, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences Zinchenko V.A.) showed a reduction of intake of radionuclides in potato tubers at 27-33% under the influence of natural and composite bio-stimulants.